Microbial degradation of wastewater

Abstract

Pollution of the pond and lakes where waste water is discharged has a negative impact on the state of its flora and fauna. The purpose of the work was to study the species composition of bacteria involved in the process of industrial wastewater treatment in the Leningrad region. Biological treatment, which is based on microbiological processes, is the most cost-effective and affordable. Amount of bacteria was from 10⁹10¹² CFU / cm³. Biological wastewater treatment is the result of the active sludge - waste water system. The quality of wastewater treatment is determined by the content of coliform bacteria, oliphages in treated wastewater. For wastewater treatment, it is advisable to use bacteria that participate in the anaerobic oxidation of ammonium. Bacteria performing anammox belong to the phylum Planctomycetes. During cleaning of wastewater with a high content of carbohydrates and nitrogen deficiency, there was an intensive development of heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria of the genus Leuconostoc, which form a dextran capsule that makes it difficult to deposit silt in the secondary settling tank. With insufficient level of aeration anaerobic processes with the participation of microorganisms that perform butyric fermentation, sulfate reduction, denitrification, and the like were found. It is advisable to use nitrifying bacteria as indicators of the purification process, since their appearance in the treated water indicates the mineralization of the main part of organic substances.